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K10 (Psychological distress)

The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale — ten questions about the last four weeks, used worldwide as a quick screen for general psychological distress (Kessler et al., 2002).

The following ten questions ask about how you have been feeling in the last four weeks. For each question, mark the option that best describes the amount of time you felt that way.

Source: Kessler RC, Andrews G, Colpe LJ, Hiripi E, Mroczek DK, Normand SLT, Walters EE, Zaslavsky AM (2002). Short screening scales to monitor population prevalences and trends in non-specific psychological distress. Psychological Medicine 32(6): 959–976. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291702006074

1. In the last four weeks, about how often did you feel tired out for no good reason?
2. In the last four weeks, about how often did you feel nervous?
3. In the last four weeks, about how often did you feel so nervous that nothing could calm you down?
4. In the last four weeks, about how often did you feel hopeless?
5. In the last four weeks, about how often did you feel restless or fidgety?
6. In the last four weeks, about how often did you feel so restless you could not sit still?
7. In the last four weeks, about how often did you feel depressed?
8. In the last four weeks, about how often did you feel that everything was an effort?
9. In the last four weeks, about how often did you feel so sad that nothing could cheer you up?
10. In the last four weeks, about how often did you feel worthless?